refactor(third-party-references): replace simple-oauth2 with a custom OAuth2 client (#34917)

* [3rd-party-references] replace simple-oauth2 with openid-client

* Refactor OAuth2 handling: replace openid-client with custom OAuth2Client implementation

* Guard unconfigured OAuth2 providers with a controlled error

Providers whose client id/secret env vars are unset now stay registered
but without an OAuth2 client. Using one throws a controlled OError
("OAuth2 provider is not configured") from getOAuth2Client rather than a
TypeError from calling a method on undefined or sending "undefined"
credentials.

* Guard unconfigured OAuth2 providers with a controlled error

* Add clarification comments on OAuth 2.0 client ID and secret encoding requirements

* Add logging for invalid token expiration dates in parseToken function

GitOrigin-RevId: b17884ccba171ff4db8e6a698b3d4dcdca24e8ae

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